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* Merge tag 'v6.18-rc6'saturneric9 days1-50/+47
|\ | | | | | | Linux 6.18-rc6
| * spi: Add TODO comment about ACPI GPIO setupHans de Goede2025-11-101-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a TODO comment that ideally the ACPI/gpiolib core code should take care of setting GPIO direction and/or bias according to ACPI GPIO resources. If this TODO gets implemented then the acpi_dev_gpio_irq_get() call in acpi_register_spi_device() can be dropped. Suggested-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: Try to get ACPI GPIO IRQ earlierHans de Goede2025-11-051-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Since commit d24cfee7f63d ("spi: Fix acpi deferred irq probe"), the acpi_dev_gpio_irq_get() call gets delayed till spi_probe() is called on the SPI device. If there is no driver for the SPI device then the move to spi_probe() results in acpi_dev_gpio_irq_get() never getting called. This may cause problems by leaving the GPIO pin floating because this call is responsible for setting up the GPIO pin direction and/or bias according to the values from the ACPI tables. Re-add the removed acpi_dev_gpio_irq_get() in acpi_register_spi_device() to ensure the GPIO pin is always correctly setup, while keeping the acpi_dev_gpio_irq_get() call added to spi_probe() to deal with -EPROBE_DEFER returns caused by the GPIO controller not having a driver yet. Link: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=302348 Fixes: d24cfee7f63d ("spi: Fix acpi deferred irq probe") Cc: [email protected] Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: rename SPI_CS_CNT_MAX => SPI_DEVICE_CS_CNT_MAXJonas Gorski2025-09-221-7/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rename SPI_CS_CNT_MAX to SPI_DEVICE_CS_CNT_MAX to make it more obvious that this is the max number of CS per device supported, not per controller. Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: don't check spi_controller::num_chipselect when parsing a dt deviceJonas Gorski2025-09-221-10/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Do not validate spi_controller::num_chipselect against SPI_CS_CNT_MAX when parsing an spi device firmware node. Firstly this is the wrong place, and this should be done while registering/validating the controller. Secondly, there is no reason for that check, as SPI_CS_CNT_MAX controls the amount of chipselects a device may have, not a controller may have. So drop that check as it needlessly limits controllers to SPI_CS_CNT_MAX number of chipselects. Likewise, drop the check for number of device chipselects larger than controller's number of chipselects, as __spi_add_device() will already catch that as either one of the chip selects will be out of range, or there is a duplicate one. Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: drop check for validity of device chip selectsJonas Gorski2025-09-221-9/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now that we know the number of chip selects of a device, we can assume these are valid, and do not need to check them first. Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: move unused device CS initialization to __spi_add_device()Jonas Gorski2025-09-221-13/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Using spi_device::num_chipselect, initialize unused device CS as invalid at registration time in __spi_add_device(), and drop it from the different allocation paths. Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: keep track of number of chipselects in spi_deviceJonas Gorski2025-09-221-8/+21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are several places where we need to iterate over a device's chipselect. To be able to do it efficiently, store the number of chipselects in spi_device, like we do for controllers. Since we now use a device supplied value, add a check to make sure it isn't more than we can support. Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: fix return code when spi device has too many chipselectsJonas Gorski2025-09-221-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Don't return a positive value when there are too many chipselects. Fixes: 4d8ff6b0991d ("spi: Add multi-cs memories support in SPI core") Signed-off-by: Jonas Gorski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * spi: Drop dev_pm_domain_detach() callClaudiu Beznea2025-08-281-7/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Starting with commit f99508074e78 ("PM: domains: Detach on device_unbind_cleanup()"), there is no longer a need to call dev_pm_domain_detach() in the bus remove function. The device_unbind_cleanup() function now handles this to avoid invoking devres cleanup handlers while the PM domain is powered off, which could otherwise lead to failures as described in the above-mentioned commit. Drop the explicit dev_pm_domain_detach() call and rely instead on the flags passed to dev_pm_domain_attach() to power off the domain. Signed-off-by: Claudiu Beznea <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Ulf Hansson <[email protected]> Message-ID: <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* | Merge tag 'v6.17'saturneric2025-10-161-4/+1
|\| | | | | | | Linux 6.17
| * Merge tag 'spi-v6.17' of ↵Linus Torvalds2025-07-291-3/+0
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi Pull spi updates from Mark Brown: "This release is almost entirely driver work, mostly new drivers with the usual smattering of per driver updates anf fixes, with only trivial changes in the core. Highlights include: - Quite a bit of maintainence work on the STM32 and Qualcomm drivers - Usage of the newly added devm_dma_request_chan() in the ateml driver, pulling in the relevant dmaengine change - Cleanups of our usage of the PM autosuspend functions, this pulls in some PM core changes on a shared tag - Support for ADI sigma-delta triggers, Amlogic SPISG, Mediatek MT6991 and MT8196, Renesas RZ/V2H(P) and SOPHGO SG2042" * tag 'spi-v6.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi: (62 commits) spi: SPISG: Fix less than zero comparison on a u32 variable spi: intel: Allow writeable MTD partition with module param spi: Add driver for the RZ/V2H(P) RSPI IP spi: dt-bindings: Document the RZ/V2H(P) RSPI MAINTAINERS: Add an entry for Amlogic spi driver spi: Add Amlogic SPISG driver spi: dt-bindings: Add binding document of Amlogic SPISG controller spi: spi-sg2044-nor: Add SPI-NOR controller for SG2042 spi: spi-sg2044-nor: Add configurable chip_info spi: dt-bindings: spi-sg2044-nor: Change SOPHGO SG2042 spi: spi-qpic-snand: simplify bad block marker duplication spi: spidev: Add an entry for the ABB spi sensors dt-bindings: trivial-devices: Document ABB sensors spi: stm32-ospi: Fix NULL vs IS_ERR() bug in stm32_ospi_get_resources() spi: gpio: Use explicit 'unsigned int' for parameter types spi: dt-bindings: spi-mux: Drop "spi-max-frequency" as required spi: st: Switch from CONFIG_PM_SLEEP guards to pm_sleep_ptr() spi: rspi: Convert to DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS() spi: sh-msiof: Convert to DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS() spi: xilinx: Fix block comment style and minor cleanups ...
| | * spidev: introduce trivial abb sensor deviceMark Brown2025-07-211-4/+10
| | |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Merge series from Heiko Schocher <[email protected]>: This series introduces the changes needed for trivial spi based sensors from ABB, currently operated from userspace.
| | * | spi: Remove redundant pm_runtime_mark_last_busy() callsSakari Ailus2025-07-041-3/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(), pm_runtime_put_sync_autosuspend(), pm_runtime_autosuspend() and pm_request_autosuspend() now include a call to pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(). Remove the now-reduntant explicit call to pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(). Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * | | Merge tag 'pm-6.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2025-07-291-1/+1
| |\ \ \ | | |_|/ | |/| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm Pull power management updates from Rafael Wysocki: "As is tradition, cpufreq is the part with the largest number of updates that include core fixes and cleanups as well as updates of several assorted drivers, but there are also quite a few updates related to system sleep, mostly focused on asynchronous suspend and resume of devices and on making the integration of system suspend and resume with runtime PM easier. Runtime PM is also updated to allow some code duplication in drivers to be eliminated going forward and to work more consistently overall in some cases. Apart from that, there are some driver core updates related to PM domains that should help to address ordering issues with devm_ cleanup routines relying on PM domains, some assorted devfreq updates including core fixes and cleanups, tooling updates, and documentation and MAINTAINERS updates. Specifics: - Fix two initialization ordering issues in the cpufreq core and a governor initialization error path in it, and clean it up (Lifeng Zheng) - Add Granite Rapids support in no-HWP mode to the intel_pstate cpufreq driver (Li RongQing) - Make intel_pstate always use HWP_DESIRED_PERF when operating in the passive mode (Rafael Wysocki) - Allow building the tegra124 cpufreq driver as a module (Aaron Kling) - Do minor cleanups for Rust cpufreq and cpumask APIs and fix MAINTAINERS entry for cpu.rs (Abhinav Ananthu, Ritvik Gupta, Lukas Bulwahn) - Clean up assorted cpufreq drivers (Arnd Bergmann, Dan Carpenter, Krzysztof Kozlowski, Sven Peter, Svyatoslav Ryhel, Lifeng Zheng) - Add the NEED_UPDATE_LIMITS flag to the CPPC cpufreq driver (Prashant Malani) - Fix minimum performance state label error in the amd-pstate driver documentation (Shouye Liu) - Add the CPUFREQ_GOV_STRICT_TARGET flag to the userspace cpufreq governor and explain HW coordination influence on it in the documentation (Shashank Balaji) - Fix opencoded for_each_cpu() in idle_state_valid() in the DT cpuidle driver (Yury Norov) - Remove info about non-existing QoS interfaces from the PM QoS documentation (Ulf Hansson) - Use c_* types via kernel prelude in Rust for OPP (Abhinav Ananthu) - Add HiSilicon uncore frequency scaling driver to devfreq (Jie Zhan) - Allow devfreq drivers to add custom sysfs ABIs (Jie Zhan) - Simplify the sun8i-a33-mbus devfreq driver by using more devm functions (Uwe Kleine-König) - Fix an index typo in trans_stat() in devfreq (Chanwoo Choi) - Check devfreq governor before using governor->name (Lifeng Zheng) - Remove a redundant devfreq_get_freq_range() call from devfreq_add_device() (Lifeng Zheng) - Limit max_freq with scaling_min_freq in devfreq (Lifeng Zheng) - Replace sscanf() with kstrtoul() in set_freq_store() (Lifeng Zheng) - Extend the asynchronous suspend and resume of devices to handle suppliers like parents and consumers like children (Rafael Wysocki) - Make pm_runtime_force_resume() work for drivers that set the DPM_FLAG_SMART_SUSPEND flag and allow PCI drivers and drivers that collaborate with the general ACPI PM domain to set it (Rafael Wysocki) - Add kernel parameter to disable asynchronous suspend/resume of devices (Tudor Ambarus) - Drop redundant might_sleep() calls from some functions in the device suspend/resume core code (Zhongqiu Han) - Fix the handling of monitors connected right before waking up the system from sleep (tuhaowen) - Clean up MAINTAINERS entries for suspend and hibernation (Rafael Wysocki) - Fix error code path in the KEXEC_JUMP flow and drop a redundant pm_restore_gfp_mask() call from it (Rafael Wysocki) - Rearrange suspend/resume error handling in the core device suspend and resume code (Rafael Wysocki) - Fix up white space that does not follow coding style in the hibernation core code (Darshan Rathod) - Document return values of suspend-related API functions in the runtime PM framework (Sakari Ailus) - Mark last busy stamp in multiple autosuspend-related functions in the runtime PM framework and update its documentation (Sakari Ailus) - Take active children into account in pm_runtime_get_if_in_use() for consistency (Rafael Wysocki) - Fix NULL pointer dereference in get_pd_power_uw() in the dtpm_cpu power capping driver (Sivan Zohar-Kotzer) - Add support for the Bartlett Lake platform to the Intel RAPL power capping driver (Qiao Wei) - Add PL4 support for Panther Lake to the intel_rapl_msr power capping driver (Zhang Rui) - Update contact information in the PM ABI docs and maintainer information in the power domains DT binding (Rafael Wysocki) - Update PM header inclusions to follow the IWYU (Include What You Use) principle (Andy Shevchenko) - Add flags to specify power on attach/detach for PM domains, make the driver core detach PM domains in device_unbind_cleanup(), and drop the dev_pm_domain_detach() call from the platform bus type (Claudiu Beznea) - Improve Python binding's Makefile for cpupower (John B. Wyatt IV) - Fix printing of CORE, CPU fields in cpupower-monitor (Gautham Shenoy)" * tag 'pm-6.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (75 commits) cpufreq: CPPC: Mark driver with NEED_UPDATE_LIMITS flag PM: docs: Use my kernel.org address in ABI docs and DT bindings PM: hibernate: Fix up white space that does not follow coding style PM: sleep: Rearrange suspend/resume error handling in the core Documentation: amd-pstate:fix minimum performance state label error PM: runtime: Take active children into account in pm_runtime_get_if_in_use() kexec_core: Drop redundant pm_restore_gfp_mask() call kexec_core: Fix error code path in the KEXEC_JUMP flow PM: sleep: Clean up MAINTAINERS entries for suspend and hibernation drivers: cpufreq: add Tegra114 support rust: cpumask: Replace `MaybeUninit` and `mem::zeroed` with `Opaque` APIs cpufreq: Exit governor when failed to start old governor cpufreq: Move the check of cpufreq_driver->get into cpufreq_verify_current_freq() cpufreq: Init policy->rwsem before it may be possibly used cpufreq: Initialize cpufreq-based frequency-invariance later cpufreq: Remove duplicate check in __cpufreq_offline() cpufreq: Contain scaling_cur_freq.attr in cpufreq_attrs cpufreq: intel_pstate: Add Granite Rapids support in no-HWP mode cpufreq: intel_pstate: Always use HWP_DESIRED_PERF in passive mode PM / devfreq: Add HiSilicon uncore frequency scaling driver ...
| | * | PM: domains: Add flags to specify power on attach/detachClaudiu Beznea2025-07-071-1/+1
| | |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Calling dev_pm_domain_attach()/dev_pm_domain_detach() in bus driver probe/remove functions can affect system behavior when the drivers attached to the bus use devres-managed resources. Since devres actions may need to access device registers, calling dev_pm_domain_detach() too early, i.e., before these actions complete, can cause failures on some systems. One such example is Renesas RZ/G3S SoC-based platforms. If the device clocks are managed via PM domains, invoking dev_pm_domain_detach() in the bus driver's remove function removes the device's clocks from the PM domain, preventing any subsequent pm_runtime_resume*() calls from enabling those clocks. The second argument of dev_pm_domain_attach() specifies whether the PM domain should be powered on during attachment. Likewise, the second argument of dev_pm_domain_detach() indicates whether the domain should be powered off during detachment. Upcoming changes address the issue described above (initially for the platform bus only) by deferring the call to dev_pm_domain_detach() until after devres_release_all() in device_unbind_cleanup(). The detach_power_off field in struct dev_pm_info stores the detach power off info from the second argument of dev_pm_domain_attach(). Because there are cases where the device's PM domain power-on/off behavior must be conditional (e.g., in i2c_device_probe()), the patch introduces PD_FLAG_ATTACH_POWER_ON and PD_FLAG_DETACH_POWER_OFF flags to be passed to dev_pm_domain_attach(). Finally, dev_pm_domain_attach() and its users are updated to use the newly introduced PD_FLAG_ATTACH_POWER_ON and PD_FLAG_DETACH_POWER_OFF macros. This change is preparatory. Signed-off-by: Claudiu Beznea <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Mathieu Poirier <[email protected]> Acked-by: Wolfram Sang <[email protected]> # I2C Reviewed-by: Ulf Hansson <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] [ rjw: Changelog adjustments ] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <[email protected]>
* | | Merge tag 'v6.16-rc7'saturneric2025-08-101-4/+10
|\| | | | | | | | | | | Linux 6.16-rc7
| * | spi: Add check for 8-bit transfer with 8 IO mode supportCheng Ming Lin2025-07-141-4/+10
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The current SPI framework does not verify if the SPI device supports 8 IO mode when doing an 8-bit transfer. This patch adds a check to ensure that if the transfer tx_nbits or rx_nbits is 8, the SPI mode must support 8 IO. If not, an error is returned, preventing undefined behavior. Fixes: d6a711a898672 ("spi: Fix OCTAL mode support") Cc: [email protected] Signed-off-by: Cheng Ming Lin <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* | Merge tag 'v6.16-rc1'saturneric2025-06-111-7/+12
|\| | | | | | | Linux 6.16-rc1
| * spi: Introduce and use spi_bpw_to_bytes()Mark Brown2025-04-181-1/+1
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Merge series from Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>: Recently in the discussion with David the idea of having a common helper popped up. The helper converts the given bits per word to bytes. The result will always be power-of-two (e.g. for 37 bits it returns 8 bytes) or 0 for 0 input. More details are in the respective code comment. This mini-series introduces it and replaces current users under drivers/spi and we expect more (and possibly some lurking in other subsystems).
| | * spi: Add spi_bpw_to_bytes() helper and use itAndy Shevchenko2025-04-171-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This helper converts the given bits per word to bytes. The result will always be power-of-two, e.g., =============== ================= Input (in bits) Output (in bytes) =============== ================= 5 1 9 2 21 4 37 8 =============== ================= It will return 0 for the 0 input. There are a couple of cases in SPI that are using the same approach and at least one more (in IIO) would benefit of it. Add a helper for everyone. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: David Lechner <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Acked-by: Mukesh Kumar Savaliya <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * | spi: Add support for Double Transfer Rate (DTR) modeMukesh Kumar Savaliya2025-04-131-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Introduce support for protocol drivers to specify whether a transfer should use single or dual transfer mode. Currently, the SPI controller cannot determine this information from the user, leading to potential limitations in transfer capabilities. Add a new field `dtr_mode` in the `spi_transfer` structure. The `dtr_mode` field allows protocol drivers to indicate if Double Transfer Rate (DTR) mode is supported for a given transfer. When `dtr_mode` is set to true, the SPI controller will use DTR mode; otherwise, it will default to single transfer mode. Introduce another field `dtr_caps` to indicate if the QSPI controller is capable of supporting DTR mode (SDR and DDR). By default, both `dtr_caps` and `dtr_mode` will be false. These flags manage the QSPI controller's DTR mode capabilities within the SPI framework. The QSPI controller driver uses these flags to configure single or double transfer rates using the controller register. The existing spi-mem driver helps configure the DTR mode but is limited to memory devices. There is no support available to set DTR mode for non-memory devices, e.g., touch or any generic SPI sensor. This change is backward compatible and doesn't break existing SPI or QSPI drivers. Changes include: - Addition of `dtr_mode` and `dtr_caps` fields in the `spi_transfer` structure. - Documentation updates to reflect the new `dtr_mode` and `dtr_caps` fields. Signed-off-by: Mukesh Kumar Savaliya <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * | spi: Simplify conditionals in spi_set_cs()Andy Shevchenko2025-04-061-6/+4
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | First of all, the (foo && bar) || (!foo && !bar) when foo and bar are booleans is equivalent to (foo == bar). Second, reuse variable that holds already the calculation of the SPI CS mode to be active-high. No functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* | Merge remote-tracking UNTIL 21. Apr. 2025saturneric2025-04-211-53/+58
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| * Merge tag 'spi-v6.15' of ↵Linus Torvalds2025-03-261-53/+58
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi Pull spi updates from Mark Brown: "The biggest change for SPI this release is the addition of offload support from David Lechner, allowing the hardware to trigger SPI transactions autonomously. The initial use case is for triggering IIO operations but there are other applications where having the hardware ready to go at a minimal signal is useful for synchronising with external inputs (eg, interrupt handling) or reducing latency (eg, CAN networking). Otherwise there's the usual fixes, improvements and cleanups, plus support for a bunch of new devices. - Support for offloading support from David Lechner - Support for GOcontrol1 Moduline modules, Mediatek MT7988, NXP i.MX94, Qualcomm SPI NAMD, Rockchip RK3562, Sophogo SG2044 and ST STM32 OSPI" * tag 'spi-v6.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi: (59 commits) spi: spi-mem: Introduce a default ->exec_op() debug log spi: dt-bindings: cdns,qspi-nor: Require some peripheral properties spi: dt-bindings: cdns,qspi-nor: Deprecate the Cadence compatible alone spi: dt-bindings: cdns,qspi-nor: Be more descriptive regarding what this controller is spi: stm32-ospi: Include "gpio/consumer.h" MAINTAINERS: adjust the file entry in GOCONTROLL MODULINE MODULE SLOT spi: spi-qpic-snand: avoid memleak in qcom_spi_ecc_init_ctx_pipelined() spi: spi-mux: Fix coverity issue, unchecked return value spi: sophgo: fix incorrect type for ret in sg2044_spifmc_write() spi: sg2044-nor: fix uninitialized variable in probe spi: sg2044-nor: fix signedness bug in sg2044_spifmc_write() spi: sg2044-nor: Convert to dev_err_probe() spi: sg2044-nor: Fully convert to device managed resources dt-bindings: spi: add compatibles for mt7988 spi: spidev: Add an entry for the gocontroll moduline module slot MAINTAINERS: add maintainer for the GOcontroll Moduline module slot dt-bindings: connector: Add the GOcontroll Moduline module slot bindings dt-bindings: vendor-prefixes: add GOcontroll spi: Use inclusive language spi: cadence-qspi: Improve spi memory performance ...
| | * spi: Use inclusive languageAndy Shevchenko2025-03-131-49/+47
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Replace "master" by "[host] controller" in the SPI core code and comments. All the similar to the "slave" by "target [device]" changes. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| | * spi: axi-spi-engine: add offload supportMark Brown2025-02-101-0/+10
| | |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Merge series from David Lechner <[email protected]>: As a recap, here is the background and end goal of this series: The AXI SPI Engine is a SPI controller that has the ability to record a series of SPI transactions and then play them back using a hardware trigger. This allows operations to be performed, repeating many times, without any CPU intervention. This is needed for achieving high data rates (millions of samples per second) from ADCs and DACs that are connected via a SPI bus. The offload hardware interface consists of a trigger input and a data output for the RX data. These are connected to other hardware external to the SPI controller. To record one or more transactions, commands and TX data are written to memories in the controller (RX buffer is not used since RX data gets streamed to an external sink). This sequence of transactions can then be played back when the trigger input is asserted. This series includes core SPI support along with the first SPI controller (AXI SPI Engine) and SPI peripheral (AD7944 ADC) that use them. This enables capturing analog data at 2 million samples per second. The hardware setup looks like this: +-------------------------------+ +------------------+ | | | | | SOC/FPGA | | AD7944 ADC | | +---------------------+ | | | | | AXI SPI Engine | | | | | | SPI Bus ============ SPI Bus | | | | | | | | | +---------------+ | | | | | | | Offload 0 | | | +------------------+ | | | RX DATA OUT > > > > | | | | TRIGGER IN < < < v | | | +---------------+ | ^ v | | +---------------------+ ^ v | | | AXI PWM | ^ v | | | CH0 > ^ v | | +---------------------+ v | | | AXI DMA | v | | | CH0 < < < | | +---------------------+ | | | +-------------------------------+
| | | * spi: add offload TX/RX streaming APIsDavid Lechner2025-02-071-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Most configuration of SPI offloads is handled opaquely using the offload pointer that is passed to the various offload functions. However, there are some offload features that need to be controlled on a per transfer basis. This patch adds a flag field to struct spi_transfer to allow specifying such features. The first feature to be added is the ability to stream data to/from a hardware sink/source rather than using a tx or rx buffer. Additional flags can be added in the future as needed. A flags field is also added to the offload struct for providers to indicate which flags are supported. This allows for generic checking of offload capabilities during __spi_validate() so that each offload provider doesn't have to implement their own validation. As a first users of this streaming capability, getter functions are added to get a DMA channel that is directly connected to the offload. Peripheral drivers will use this to get a DMA channel and configure it to suit their needs. Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Nuno Sa <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: David Lechner <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250207-dlech-mainline-spi-engine-offload-2-v8-5-e48a489be48c@baylibre.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| | * | spi: Replace custom fsleep() implementationAndy Shevchenko2025-02-051-4/+1
| | |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _spi_transfer_delay_ns() partially reimplements what fsleep() does. Replace that code by calling fsleep() instead. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* | | Merge remote-tracking UNTIL 24. Mar 2025saturneric2025-03-301-25/+24
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| * | spi: Fix reference count leak in slave_show()Miaoqian Lin2025-03-191-1/+5
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix a reference count leak in slave_show() by properly putting the device reference obtained from device_find_any_child(). Fixes: 6c364062bfed ("spi: core: Add support for registering SPI slave controllers") Fixes: c21b0837983d ("spi: Use device_find_any_child() instead of custom approach") Signed-off-by: Miaoqian Lin <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * Merge tag 'spi-v6.14' of ↵Linus Torvalds2025-01-221-23/+18
| |\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi Pull spi updates from Mark Brown: "This is a fairly quiet release for the most part, though we do have one really nice improvement in the spi-mem framework which will improve performance for flash devices especially when built on by changes in the MTD subsystem which are also due to be sent this merge window. There's also been some substantial work on some of the drivers, highlights include: - Support for per-operation bus frequency in the spi-mem framework, meaning speeds are no longer limited by the slowest operation - ACPI support and improved power management for Rockchip SFC controllers - Support for Atmel SAM7G5 QuadSPI and KEBA SPI controllers" * tag 'spi-v6.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi: (49 commits) spi: pxa2xx: Introduce __lpss_ssp_update_priv() helper spi: ti-qspi: Use syscon_regmap_lookup_by_phandle_args spi: amd: Fix -Wuninitialized in amd_spi_exec_mem_op() spi: spi-mem: Estimate the time taken by operations spi: spi-mem: Create macros for DTR operation spi: spi-mem: Reorder spi-mem macro assignments spi: zynqmp-gqspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: zynq-qspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: spi-ti-qspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: spi-sn-f-ospi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: rockchip-sfc: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: nxp-fspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: mxic: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: mt65xx: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: microchip-core-qspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: fsl-qspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: dw: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: cadence-qspi: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: amlogic-spifc-a1: Support per spi-mem operation frequency switches spi: amd: Drop redundant check ...
| | * spi: Deduplicate deferred probe checks in spi_probe()Andy Shevchenko2024-12-091-11/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Deduplicate deferred probe checks in spi_probe() and enable the error message for ACPI case as well. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| | * spi: Unify firmware node type checksAndy Shevchenko2024-12-091-14/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The few functions are using different approaches on how to check for the type of firmware node. Unify them to use a modern way of it. With that in place it becomes obvious that no need to have independent conditionals when they are dependent and hence the code generation can be improved a little bit (clang-18, x86_64): add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 2/2 up/down: 16/-46 (-30) Total: Before=49801, After=49771, chg -0.06% Meanwhile no functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * | treewide: Introduce kthread_run_worker[_on_cpu]()Frederic Weisbecker2025-01-081-1/+1
| |/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | kthread_create() creates a kthread without running it yet. kthread_run() creates a kthread and runs it. On the other hand, kthread_create_worker() creates a kthread worker and runs it. This difference in behaviours is confusing. Also there is no way to create a kthread worker and affine it using kthread_bind_mask() or kthread_affine_preferred() before starting it. Consolidate the behaviours and introduce kthread_run_worker[_on_cpu]() that behaves just like kthread_run(). kthread_create_worker[_on_cpu]() will now only create a kthread worker without starting it. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <[email protected]>
* / fix: drivers patch make raspberry pi 5 work properlysaturneric2025-01-121-0/+9
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* spi: Fix acpi deferred irq probeStanislaw Gruszka2024-11-261-3/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When probing spi device take care of deferred probe of ACPI irq gpio similar like for OF/DT case. >From practical standpoint this fixes issue with vsc-tp driver on Dell XP 9340 laptop, which try to request interrupt with spi->irq equal to -EPROBE_DEFER and fail to probe with the following error: vsc-tp spi-INTC10D0:00: probe with driver vsc-tp failed with error -22 Suggested-by: Hans de Goede <[email protected]> Fixes: 33ada67da352 ("ACPI / spi: attach GPIO IRQ from ACPI description to SPI device") Cc: [email protected] Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Hans de Goede <[email protected]> Tested-by: Alexis Lothoré <[email protected]> # Dell XPS9320, ov01a10 Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: Delete useless checkszhang jiao2024-11-121-3/+0
| | | | | | | | Since "res" will never be null, just delete this check. Signed-off-by: zhang jiao <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: Use of_property_present() for non-boolean propertiesRob Herring (Arm)2024-11-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | The use of of_property_read_bool() for non-boolean properties is deprecated in favor of of_property_present() when testing for property presence. Signed-off-by: Rob Herring (Arm) <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: make class structs constBartosz Golaszewski2024-10-181-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | The two instances of struct class are only used here in functions that take const pointers and so can too be made constant. Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: Provide defer reason if getting irq during probe failsUwe Kleine-König2024-10-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Using dev_err_probe() in spi_probe() improves the kernel output from spi spi0.0: deferred probe pending: (reason unknown) to spi spi0.0: deferred probe pending: ad7124: Failed to get irq... for my current quest to make a certain spi device work. Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: remove {devm_}spi_alloc_master/slave()Yang Yingliang2024-09-291-7/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | All the {devm_}spi_alloc_master/slave() have been replaced, so they can be removed and replaced in doc and comment. No functional changed. Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: remove spi_controller_is_slave() and spi_slave_abort()Yang Yingliang2024-09-101-12/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | spi_controller_is_slave() and spi_slave_abort() are all replaced, so they can be removed. No functional changed. Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: switch to use spi_controller_is_target()Yang Yingliang2024-09-101-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | Switch to use modern name function spi_controller_is_target(). No functional changed. Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* spi: Enable controllers to extend the SPI protocol with MOSI idle configurationMarcelo Schmitt2024-07-291-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The behavior of an SPI controller data output line (SDO or MOSI or COPI (Controller Output Peripheral Input) for disambiguation) is usually not specified when the controller is not clocking out data on SCLK edges. However, there do exist SPI peripherals that require specific MOSI line state when data is not being clocked out of the controller. Conventional SPI controllers may set the MOSI line on SCLK edges then bring it low when no data is going out or leave the line the state of the last transfer bit. More elaborated controllers are capable to set the MOSI idle state according to different configurable levels and thus are more suitable for interfacing with demanding peripherals. Add SPI mode bits to allow peripherals to request explicit MOSI idle state when needed. When supporting a particular MOSI idle configuration, the data output line state is expected to remain at the configured level when the controller is not clocking out data. When a device that needs a specific MOSI idle state is identified, its driver should request the MOSI idle configuration by setting the proper SPI mode bit. Acked-by: Nuno Sa <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: David Lechner <[email protected]> Tested-by: David Lechner <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Marcelo Schmitt <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/9802160b5e5baed7f83ee43ac819cb757a19be55.1720810545.git.marcelo.schmitt@analog.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
* Merge tag 'driver-core-6.11-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds2024-07-251-1/+1
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core Pull driver core updates from Greg KH: "Here is the big set of driver core changes for 6.11-rc1. Lots of stuff in here, with not a huge diffstat, but apis are evolving which required lots of files to be touched. Highlights of the changes in here are: - platform remove callback api final fixups (Uwe took many releases to get here, finally!) - Rust bindings for basic firmware apis and initial driver-core interactions. It's not all that useful for a "write a whole driver in rust" type of thing, but the firmware bindings do help out the phy rust drivers, and the driver core bindings give a solid base on which others can start their work. There is still a long way to go here before we have a multitude of rust drivers being added, but it's a great first step. - driver core const api changes. This reached across all bus types, and there are some fix-ups for some not-common bus types that linux-next and 0-day testing shook out. This work is being done to help make the rust bindings more safe, as well as the C code, moving toward the end-goal of allowing us to put driver structures into read-only memory. We aren't there yet, but are getting closer. - minor devres cleanups and fixes found by code inspection - arch_topology minor changes - other minor driver core cleanups All of these have been in linux-next for a very long time with no reported problems" * tag 'driver-core-6.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (55 commits) ARM: sa1100: make match function take a const pointer sysfs/cpu: Make crash_hotplug attribute world-readable dio: Have dio_bus_match() callback take a const * zorro: make match function take a const pointer driver core: module: make module_[add|remove]_driver take a const * driver core: make driver_find_device() take a const * driver core: make driver_[create|remove]_file take a const * firmware_loader: fix soundness issue in `request_internal` firmware_loader: annotate doctests as `no_run` devres: Correct code style for functions that return a pointer type devres: Initialize an uninitialized struct member devres: Fix memory leakage caused by driver API devm_free_percpu() devres: Fix devm_krealloc() wasting memory driver core: platform: Switch to use kmemdup_array() driver core: have match() callback in struct bus_type take a const * MAINTAINERS: add Rust device abstractions to DRIVER CORE device: rust: improve safety comments MAINTAINERS: add Danilo as FIRMWARE LOADER maintainer MAINTAINERS: add Rust FW abstractions to FIRMWARE LOADER firmware: rust: improve safety comments ...
| * driver core: have match() callback in struct bus_type take a const *Greg Kroah-Hartman2024-07-031-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In the match() callback, the struct device_driver * should not be changed, so change the function callback to be a const *. This is one step of many towards making the driver core safe to have struct device_driver in read-only memory. Because the match() callback is in all busses, all busses are modified to handle this properly. This does entail switching some container_of() calls to container_of_const() to properly handle the constant *. For some busses, like PCI and USB and HV, the const * is cast away in the match callback as those busses do want to modify those structures at this point in time (they have a local lock in the driver structure.) That will have to be changed in the future if they wish to have their struct device * in read-only-memory. Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <[email protected]> Acked-by: Sumit Garg <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2024070136-wrongdoer-busily-01e8@gregkh Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
* | Merge tag 'spi-v6.11' of ↵Linus Torvalds2024-07-161-65/+69
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi Pull spi updates from Mark Brown: "There's some quite exciting core work in this release, we've got the beginnings of support for hardware initiated transfers which is itself independently useful for optimising fast paths in existing drivers. We also have a rework of the DMA mapping which allows finer grained decisions about DMA mapping messages and also helps remove some bodges that we'd had. Otherwise it's a fairly quiet release, a few new drivers and features for existing drivers, together with various cleanups and DT binding conversions. One regmap SPI fix made it's way in here too which I should probably have sent as a regmap fix instead. Summary: - Support for pre-optimising messages, reducing the overhead for messages that are repeatedly used (eg, reading the interrupt status from a device). This will also be used for hardware initiated transfers in future. - A reworking of how DMA mapping is done, introducing a new helper and allowing the DMA mapping decision to be done per transfer instead of per message. - Support for Atmel SAMA7D64, Freescale LX2160A DSPI and WCH CH341A" * tag 'spi-v6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi: (72 commits) spi: dt-bindings: at91: Add sama7d65 compatible string spi: add ch341a usb2spi driver spi: dt-bindings: fsl-dspi: add compatible string 'fsl,lx2160a-dspi' spi: dt-bindings: fsl-dspi: add dmas and dma-names properties spi: spi: Remove unnecessary ‘0’ values from status spi: spi: Remove unnecessary ‘0’ values from rc spi: xcomm: fix coding style spi: xcomm: remove i2c_set_clientdata() spi: xcomm: make use of devm_spi_alloc_host() spi: xcomm: add gpiochip support spi: dt-bindings: snps,dw-apb-ssi.yaml: update compatible property spi: dt-bindings: fsl-dspi: Convert to yaml format spi: fsl-dspi: use common proptery 'spi-cs-setup(hold)-delay-ns' spi: axi-spi-engine: remove platform_set_drvdata() spi: spi-fsl-lpspi: Pass pm_ptr() spi: spi-imx: Pass pm_ptr() spi: spi-fsl-lpspi: Switch to SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS() spi: spi-imx: Switch to RUNTIME_PM_OPS/SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS() spi: add EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devm_spi_optimize_message) spi: add devm_spi_optimize_message() helper ...
| * | spi: spi: Remove unnecessary ‘0’ values from statusLi zeming2024-07-081-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | status is assigned first, so it does not need to initialize the assignment. Signed-off-by: Li zeming <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
| * | spi: spi: Remove unnecessary ‘0’ values from rcLi zeming2024-07-081-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | rc is assigned first, so it does not need to initialize the assignment. Signed-off-by: Li zeming <[email protected]> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>