fix: add test cases and test file basical operations

8 files changed, 538 insertions, 219 deletions

diff --git a/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.cpp b/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.cpp
index 1c577997..45286df2 100644
--- a/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.cpp
+++ b/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.cpp
@@ -42,20 +42,10 @@
 namespace GpgFrontend {
 
 void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(std::vector<GpgKey> keys,
-                               const std::string& in_path,
-                               const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+                               const std::filesystem::path& in_path, bool ascii,
+                               const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -69,7 +59,7 @@ void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(std::vector<GpgKey> keys,
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_object, 0);
         auto buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_object, 1);
         if (CheckGpgError(err) == GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR) {
-          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
             throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
           }
         }
@@ -77,20 +67,10 @@ void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(std::vector<GpgKey> keys,
       });
 }
 
-void GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(const std::string& in_path,
-                               const std::string& out_path,
+void GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                               const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -105,7 +85,7 @@ void GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(const std::string& in_path,
         auto buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_object, 1);
 
         if (CheckGpgError(err) == GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR &&
-            !WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+            !WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
           throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
         }
 
@@ -113,20 +93,11 @@ void GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(const std::string& in_path,
       });
 }
 
-void GpgFileOpera::SignFile(KeyArgsList keys, const std::string& in_path,
-                            const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+void GpgFileOpera::SignFile(KeyArgsList keys,
+                            const std::filesystem::path& in_path, bool ascii,
+                            const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                             const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -141,34 +112,24 @@ void GpgFileOpera::SignFile(KeyArgsList keys, const std::string& in_path,
         auto buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_object, 1);
 
         if (CheckGpgError(err) == GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR &&
-            !WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+            !WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
           throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
         }
         cb(err, TransferParams(result));
       });
 }
 
-void GpgFileOpera::VerifyFile(const std::string& data_path,
-                              const std::string& sign_path,
+void GpgFileOpera::VerifyFile(const std::filesystem::path& data_path,
+                              const std::filesystem::path& sign_path,
                               const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto data_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(data_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto sign_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(sign_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto data_path_std = std::filesystem::path(data_path);
-  auto sign_path_std = std::filesystem::path(sign_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(data_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(data_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
 
   GFBuffer sign_buffer;
   if (!sign_path.empty()) {
-    auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(sign_path_std);
+    auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(sign_path);
     if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
       throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
     }
@@ -187,20 +148,11 @@ void GpgFileOpera::VerifyFile(const std::string& data_path,
 }
 
 void GpgFileOpera::EncryptSignFile(KeyArgsList keys, KeyArgsList signer_keys,
-                                   const std::string& in_path,
-                                   const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+                                   const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                                   bool ascii,
+                                   const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                    const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -215,7 +167,7 @@ void GpgFileOpera::EncryptSignFile(KeyArgsList keys, KeyArgsList signer_keys,
         auto sign_result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_object, 1);
         auto buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_object, 2);
         if (CheckGpgError(err) == GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR) {
-          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
             throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
           }
         }
@@ -223,20 +175,10 @@ void GpgFileOpera::EncryptSignFile(KeyArgsList keys, KeyArgsList signer_keys,
       });
 }
 
-void GpgFileOpera::DecryptVerifyFile(const std::string& in_path,
-                                     const std::string& out_path,
+void GpgFileOpera::DecryptVerifyFile(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                                     const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                      const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -252,27 +194,18 @@ void GpgFileOpera::DecryptVerifyFile(const std::string& in_path,
         auto verify_result = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_object, 1);
         auto buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_object, 2);
         if (CheckGpgError(err) == GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR) {
-          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+          if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
             throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
           }
         }
         cb(err, TransferParams(decrypt_result, verify_result));
       });
 }
-void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFileSymmetric(const std::string& in_path,
-                                        const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFileSymmetric(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                                        bool ascii,
+                                        const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                         const GpgOperationCallback& cb) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  auto in_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(in_path).toStdU16String());
-  auto out_path_std =
-      std::filesystem::path(QString::fromStdString(out_path).toStdU16String());
-#else
-  auto in_path_std = std::filesystem::path(in_path);
-  auto out_path_std = std::filesystem::path(out_path);
-#endif
-
-  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path_std);
+  auto read_result = ReadFileGFBuffer(in_path);
   if (!std::get<0>(read_result)) {
     throw std::runtime_error("read file error");
   }
@@ -290,9 +223,11 @@ void GpgFileOpera::EncryptFileSymmetric(const std::string& in_path,
           return;
         }
 
-        if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path_std, buffer)) {
+        if (!WriteFileGFBuffer(out_path, buffer)) {
           throw std::runtime_error("write buffer to file error");
         }
+
+        cb(err, TransferParams(result));
       });
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.h b/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.h
index 0f0d65bf..a358b60a 100644
--- a/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.h
+++ b/src/core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.h
@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param channel Channel in context
    * @return unsigned int error code
    */
-  static void EncryptFile(KeyArgsList keys, const std::string& in_path,
-                          const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+  static void EncryptFile(KeyArgsList keys,
+                          const std::filesystem::path& in_path, bool ascii,
+                          const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                           const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -63,8 +64,9 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param channel
    * @return unsigned int
    */
-  static void EncryptFileSymmetric(const std::string& in_path,
-                                   const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+  static void EncryptFileSymmetric(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                                   bool ascii,
+                                   const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                    const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -75,8 +77,8 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param result
    * @return GpgError
    */
-  static void DecryptFile(const std::string& in_path,
-                          const std::string& out_path,
+  static void DecryptFile(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                          const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                           const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -89,8 +91,8 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param channel
    * @return GpgError
    */
-  static void SignFile(KeyArgsList keys, const std::string& in_path,
-                       const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+  static void SignFile(KeyArgsList keys, const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                       bool ascii, const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                        const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -102,8 +104,8 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param channel Channel in context
    * @return GpgError
    */
-  static void VerifyFile(const std::string& data_path,
-                         const std::string& sign_path,
+  static void VerifyFile(const std::filesystem::path& data_path,
+                         const std::filesystem::path& sign_path,
                          const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -119,8 +121,8 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @return GpgError
    */
   static void EncryptSignFile(KeyArgsList keys, KeyArgsList signer_keys,
-                              const std::string& in_path,
-                              const std::string& out_path, bool ascii,
+                              const std::filesystem::path& in_path, bool ascii,
+                              const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                               const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 
   /**
@@ -132,8 +134,8 @@ class GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GpgFileOpera {
    * @param verify_res
    * @return GpgError
    */
-  static void DecryptVerifyFile(const std::string& in_path,
-                                const std::string& out_path,
+  static void DecryptVerifyFile(const std::filesystem::path& in_path,
+                                const std::filesystem::path& out_path,
                                 const GpgOperationCallback& cb);
 };
 
diff --git a/src/core/utils/IOUtils.cpp b/src/core/utils/IOUtils.cpp
index e0849a5f..d19b5581 100644
--- a/src/core/utils/IOUtils.cpp
+++ b/src/core/utils/IOUtils.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
 
 #include "IOUtils.h"
 
+#include <boost/uuid/uuid.hpp>
+#include <boost/uuid/uuid_generators.hpp>
+#include <boost/uuid/uuid_io.hpp>
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include "GpgModel.h"
@@ -158,4 +161,40 @@ auto WriteBufferToFile(const std::string& utf8_path,
                        const std::string& out_buffer) -> bool {
   return WriteFileStd(utf8_path, out_buffer);
 }
+
+auto ConvertPathByOS(const std::string& path) -> std::filesystem::path {
+#ifdef WINDOWS
+  return {QString::fromStdString(path).toStdU16String()};
+#else
+  return {path};
+#endif
+}
+
+auto ConvertPathByOS(const QString& path) -> std::filesystem::path {
+#ifdef WINDOWS
+  return {path.toStdU16String()};
+#else
+  return {path.toStdString()};
+#endif
+}
+
+auto GetTempFilePath() -> std::filesystem::path {
+  std::filesystem::path const temp_dir = std::filesystem::temp_directory_path();
+  boost::uuids::uuid const uuid = boost::uuids::random_generator()();
+  std::string const filename = boost::uuids::to_string(uuid) + ".data";
+  std::filesystem::path const temp_file = temp_dir / filename;
+  return temp_dir / filename;
+}
+
+auto CreateTempFileAndWriteData(const std::string& data)
+    -> std::filesystem::path {
+  auto temp_file = GetTempFilePath();
+  std::ofstream file_stream(temp_file, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc);
+  if (!file_stream.is_open()) {
+    throw std::runtime_error("Unable to open temporary file.");
+  }
+  file_stream << data;
+  file_stream.close();
+  return temp_file.string();
+}
 }  // namespace GpgFrontend
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/core/utils/IOUtils.h b/src/core/utils/IOUtils.h
index bb286cd6..b27f21fb 100644
--- a/src/core/utils/IOUtils.h
+++ b/src/core/utils/IOUtils.h
@@ -123,4 +123,38 @@ auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT ReadAllDataInFile(const std::string &path)
 auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT WriteBufferToFile(const std::string &path,
                                                const std::string &out_buffer)
     -> bool;
+
+/**
+ * @brief
+ *
+ * @param path
+ * @return std::filesystem::path
+ */
+auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT ConvertPathByOS(const std::string &path)
+    -> std::filesystem::path;
+
+/**
+ * @brief
+ *
+ * @return std::filesystem::path
+ */
+auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT ConvertPathByOS(const QString &)
+    -> std::filesystem::path;
+
+/**
+ * @brief
+ *
+ * @return std::filesystem::path
+ */
+auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT GetTempFilePath() -> std::filesystem::path;
+
+/**
+ * @brief
+ *
+ * @param data
+ * @return std::filesystem::path
+ */
+auto GPGFRONTEND_CORE_EXPORT CreateTempFileAndWriteData(const std::string &data)
+    -> std::filesystem::path;
+
 }  // namespace GpgFrontend
diff --git a/src/test/GpgFrontendTest.cpp b/src/test/GpgFrontendTest.cpp
index 73a18654..29903c39 100644
--- a/src/test/GpgFrontendTest.cpp
+++ b/src/test/GpgFrontendTest.cpp
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ void ConfigureGpgContext() {
       });
 }
 
-void ImportPrivateKeys(std::filesystem::path data_path,
+void ImportPrivateKeys(const std::filesystem::path& data_path,
                        const libconfig::Setting& config) {
   if (config.exists("load_keys.private_keys")) {
     auto& private_keys = config.lookup("load_keys.private_keys");
diff --git a/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestBasicOpera.cpp b/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestBasicOpera.cpp
index 8c93f3f8..90645ddd 100644
--- a/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestBasicOpera.cpp
+++ b/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestBasicOpera.cpp
@@ -41,12 +41,14 @@
 namespace GpgFrontend::Test {
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto encrypt_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
       "E87C6A2D8D95C818DE93B3AE6A2764F8298DEB29");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Encrypt(
       {encrypt_key}, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"), true,
-      [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto encr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
@@ -54,7 +56,8 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest) {
         ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Decrypt(
-            encr_out_buffer, [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            encr_out_buffer, [&callback_called_flag](
+                                 GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
               auto decr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
               ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
@@ -62,15 +65,28 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest) {
               ASSERT_EQ(d_result.Recipients()[0].keyid, "6A2764F8298DEB29");
 
               ASSERT_EQ(decr_out_buffer, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"));
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSymmetricDecrTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto encrypt_text = GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().EncryptSymmetric(
-      encrypt_text, true, [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      encrypt_text, true,
+      [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto encr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
@@ -78,17 +94,30 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSymmetricDecrTest) {
         ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Decrypt(
-            encr_out_buffer, [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            encr_out_buffer, [&callback_called_flag](
+                                 GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
               auto decr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
               ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
               ASSERT_TRUE(d_result.Recipients().empty());
               ASSERT_EQ(decr_out_buffer, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"));
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest_KeyNotFound_1) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto encr_out_data = GFBuffer(
       "-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----\n"
       "\n"
@@ -103,16 +132,29 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest_KeyNotFound_1) {
       "-----END PGP MESSAGE-----");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Decrypt(
-      encr_out_data, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      encr_out_data,
+      [=, &callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto decr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
         ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_SECKEY);
         ASSERT_FALSE(d_result.Recipients().empty());
         ASSERT_EQ(d_result.Recipients()[0].keyid, "A50CFD2F6C677D8C");
+
+        // stop waiting
+        callback_called_flag = true;
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest_KeyNotFound_ResultAnalyse) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto encr_out_data = GFBuffer(
       "-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----\n"
       "\n"
@@ -127,7 +169,8 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest_KeyNotFound_ResultAnalyse) {
       "-----END PGP MESSAGE-----");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Decrypt(
-      encr_out_data, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      encr_out_data,
+      [=, &callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto decr_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
         ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_SECKEY);
@@ -138,17 +181,29 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptDecrTest_KeyNotFound_ResultAnalyse) {
         analyse.Analyse();
         ASSERT_EQ(analyse.GetStatus(), -1);
         ASSERT_FALSE(analyse.GetResultReport().empty());
+
+        // stop waiting
+        callback_called_flag = true;
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyNormalTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
       "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
   auto sign_text = GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Sign(
       {sign_key}, sign_text, GPGME_SIG_MODE_NORMAL, true,
-      [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgSignResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto sign_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
@@ -157,24 +212,37 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyNormalTest) {
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Verify(
             sign_out_buffer, GFBuffer(),
-            [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err,
+                                    const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_obj, 0);
               ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
               ASSERT_FALSE(d_result.GetSignature().empty());
               ASSERT_EQ(d_result.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
                         "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyDetachTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
       "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
   auto sign_text = GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Sign(
       {sign_key}, sign_text, GPGME_SIG_MODE_DETACH, true,
-      [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      [=, &callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgSignResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto sign_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
@@ -183,24 +251,37 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyDetachTest) {
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Verify(
             sign_text, sign_out_buffer,
-            [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err,
+                                    const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_obj, 0);
               ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
               ASSERT_FALSE(d_result.GetSignature().empty());
               ASSERT_EQ(d_result.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
                         "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyClearTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
       "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
   auto sign_text = GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!");
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Sign(
       {sign_key}, sign_text, GPGME_SIG_MODE_CLEAR, true,
-      [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgSignResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_obj, 0);
         auto sign_out_buffer = ExtractParams<GFBuffer>(data_obj, 1);
@@ -209,17 +290,30 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreSignVerifyClearTest) {
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().Verify(
             sign_out_buffer, GFBuffer(),
-            [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err,
+                                    const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               auto verify_reult = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_obj, 0);
               ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
               ASSERT_FALSE(verify_reult.GetSignature().empty());
               ASSERT_EQ(verify_reult.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
                         "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSignDecrVerifyTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
   auto encrypt_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
       "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
   auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetKey(
@@ -231,7 +325,7 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSignDecrVerifyTest) {
 
   GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().EncryptSign(
       {encrypt_key}, {sign_key}, encrypt_text, true,
-      [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+      [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(
             (data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult, GpgSignResult, GFBuffer>()));
         auto encr_result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
@@ -242,7 +336,8 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSignDecrVerifyTest) {
         ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
 
         GpgBasicOperator::GetInstance().DecryptVerify(
-            encr_out_buffer, [](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            encr_out_buffer, [&callback_called_flag](
+                                 GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               ASSERT_TRUE(
                   (data_obj
                        ->Check<GpgDecryptResult, GpgVerifyResult, GFBuffer>()));
@@ -261,8 +356,18 @@ TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreEncryptSignDecrVerifyTest) {
               ASSERT_FALSE(verify_reult.GetSignature().empty());
               ASSERT_EQ(verify_reult.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
                         "8933EB283A18995F45D61DAC021D89771B680FFB");
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
             });
       });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
 }
 
 }  // namespace GpgFrontend::Test
diff --git a/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestFileBasicOpera.cpp b/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestFileBasicOpera.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d07eae4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/core/GpgCoreTestFileBasicOpera.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 Saturneric <[email protected]>
+ *
+ * This file is part of GpgFrontend.
+ *
+ * GpgFrontend is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * GpgFrontend is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with GpgFrontend. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * The initial version of the source code is inherited from
+ * the gpg4usb project, which is under GPL-3.0-or-later.
+ *
+ * All the source code of GpgFrontend was modified and released by
+ * Saturneric <[email protected]> starting on May 12, 2021.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "GpgCoreTest.h"
+#include "core/GpgModel.h"
+#include "core/function/basic/ChannelObject.h"
+#include "core/function/gpg/GpgBasicOperator.h"
+#include "core/function/gpg/GpgFileOpera.h"
+#include "core/function/gpg/GpgKeyGetter.h"
+#include "core/function/result_analyse/GpgDecryptResultAnalyse.h"
+#include "core/model/GpgDecryptResult.h"
+#include "core/model/GpgEncryptResult.h"
+#include "core/model/GpgSignResult.h"
+#include "core/model/GpgVerifyResult.h"
+#include "core/utils/GpgUtils.h"
+#include "core/utils/IOUtils.h"
+
+namespace GpgFrontend::Test {
+
+TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreFileEncryptDecrTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
+  auto encrypt_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
+      "E87C6A2D8D95C818DE93B3AE6A2764F8298DEB29");
+  auto input_file = CreateTempFileAndWriteData("Hello GpgFrontend!");
+  auto output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+
+  GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(
+      {encrypt_key}, input_file, true, output_file,
+      [output_file, &callback_called_flag](GpgError err,
+                                           const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult>()));
+
+        auto result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.InvalidRecipients().empty());
+        ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+
+        auto decrpypt_output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+        GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(
+            output_file, decrpypt_output_file,
+            [decrpypt_output_file, &callback_called_flag](
+                GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+              auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+
+              ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+              ASSERT_FALSE(d_result.Recipients().empty());
+              ASSERT_EQ(d_result.Recipients()[0].keyid, "6A2764F8298DEB29");
+
+              const auto [read_success, buffer] =
+                  ReadFileGFBuffer(decrpypt_output_file);
+              ASSERT_TRUE(read_success);
+              ASSERT_EQ(buffer, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"));
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
+            });
+      });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreFileEncryptSymmetricDecrTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
+  auto input_file = CreateTempFileAndWriteData("Hello GpgFrontend!");
+  auto output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+
+  GpgFileOpera::EncryptFileSymmetric(
+      input_file, true, output_file,
+      [&callback_called_flag, output_file](GpgError err,
+                                           const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult>()));
+        auto result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.InvalidRecipients().empty());
+        ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+
+        auto decrpypt_output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+        GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(
+            output_file, decrpypt_output_file,
+            [&callback_called_flag, decrpypt_output_file](
+                GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+              ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgDecryptResult>()));
+
+              auto decrypt_result =
+                  ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+              ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+              ASSERT_TRUE(decrypt_result.Recipients().empty());
+
+              const auto [read_success, buffer] =
+                  ReadFileGFBuffer(decrpypt_output_file);
+              ASSERT_TRUE(read_success);
+              ASSERT_EQ(buffer, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"));
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
+            });
+      });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreFileSignVerifyNormalTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
+  auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
+      "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+  auto input_file = CreateTempFileAndWriteData("Hello GpgFrontend!");
+  auto output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+
+  GpgFileOpera::SignFile(
+      {sign_key}, input_file, true, output_file,
+      [&callback_called_flag, input_file, output_file](
+          GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgSignResult>()));
+        auto result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_obj, 0);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.InvalidSigners().empty());
+        ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+
+        GpgFileOpera::VerifyFile(
+            input_file, output_file,
+            [&callback_called_flag](GpgError err,
+                                    const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+              auto d_result = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_obj, 0);
+              ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+              ASSERT_FALSE(d_result.GetSignature().empty());
+              ASSERT_EQ(d_result.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
+                        "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
+            });
+      });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
+}
+
+TEST_F(GpgCoreTest, CoreFileEncryptSignDecrVerifyTest) {
+  std::atomic_bool callback_called_flag{false};
+
+  auto encrypt_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetPubkey(
+      "467F14220CE8DCF780CF4BAD8465C55B25C9B7D1");
+  auto sign_key = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetKey(
+      "8933EB283A18995F45D61DAC021D89771B680FFB");
+  auto input_file = CreateTempFileAndWriteData("Hello GpgFrontend!");
+  auto output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sign_key.IsPrivateKey());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sign_key.IsHasActualSigningCapability());
+
+  GpgFileOpera::EncryptSignFile(
+      {encrypt_key}, {sign_key}, input_file, true, output_file,
+      [&callback_called_flag, output_file](GpgError err,
+                                           const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((data_obj->Check<GpgEncryptResult, GpgSignResult>()));
+        auto encr_result = ExtractParams<GpgEncryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+        auto sign_result = ExtractParams<GpgSignResult>(data_obj, 1);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(encr_result.InvalidRecipients().empty());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(sign_result.InvalidSigners().empty());
+        ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+
+        auto decrpypt_output_file = GetTempFilePath();
+        GpgFileOpera::DecryptVerifyFile(
+            output_file, decrpypt_output_file,
+            [&callback_called_flag, decrpypt_output_file](
+                GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+              ASSERT_TRUE(
+                  (data_obj->Check<GpgDecryptResult, GpgVerifyResult>()));
+              auto decrypt_result =
+                  ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+              auto verify_reult = ExtractParams<GpgVerifyResult>(data_obj, 1);
+
+              ASSERT_EQ(CheckGpgError(err), GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR);
+
+              ASSERT_FALSE(decrypt_result.Recipients().empty());
+              ASSERT_EQ(decrypt_result.Recipients()[0].keyid,
+                        "F89C95A05088CC93");
+              ASSERT_FALSE(verify_reult.GetSignature().empty());
+              ASSERT_EQ(verify_reult.GetSignature().at(0).GetFingerprint(),
+                        "8933EB283A18995F45D61DAC021D89771B680FFB");
+
+              const auto [read_success, buffer] =
+                  ReadFileGFBuffer(decrpypt_output_file);
+              ASSERT_TRUE(read_success);
+              ASSERT_EQ(buffer, GFBuffer("Hello GpgFrontend!"));
+
+              // stop waiting
+              callback_called_flag = true;
+            });
+      });
+
+  int retry_count = 1000;
+  while (!callback_called_flag && retry_count-- > 0) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_called_flag);
+}
+
+}  // namespace GpgFrontend::Test
diff --git a/src/ui/main_window/MainWindowFileSlotFunction.cpp b/src/ui/main_window/MainWindowFileSlotFunction.cpp
index 7447a1e7..b46ef5f5 100644
--- a/src/ui/main_window/MainWindowFileSlotFunction.cpp
+++ b/src/ui/main_window/MainWindowFileSlotFunction.cpp
@@ -43,12 +43,14 @@
 
 namespace GpgFrontend::UI {
 
-bool path_pre_check(QWidget* parent, const QString& path) {
-  QFileInfo file_info(path);
-  QFileInfo path_info(file_info.absolutePath());
+auto PathPreCheck(QWidget* parent, const std::filesystem::path& path) -> bool {
+  QFileInfo const file_info(path);
+  QFileInfo const path_info(file_info.absolutePath());
+
   if (!path_info.exists()) {
-    QMessageBox::critical(parent, _("Error"),
-                          QString(_("The path %1 does not exist.")).arg(path));
+    QMessageBox::critical(
+        parent, _("Error"),
+        QString(_("The path %1 does not exist.")).arg(path.c_str()));
     return false;
   }
   if (!file_info.isReadable()) {
@@ -119,27 +121,21 @@ auto ProcessTarballIntoDirectory(QWidget* parent,
  * @param parent parent widget
  * @param path the tarball to be converted
  */
-bool process_directory_into_tarball(QWidget* parent, QString& path) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  std::filesystem::path selected_dir_path = path.toStdU16String();
-#else
-  std::filesystem::path selected_dir_path = path.toStdString();
-#endif
-
+auto ProcessDirectoryIntoTarball(QWidget* parent, std::filesystem::path path)
+    -> bool {
   try {
-    auto base_path = selected_dir_path.parent_path();
-    auto target_path = selected_dir_path;
-    selected_dir_path.replace_extension("");
+    auto base_path = path.parent_path();
+    auto target_path = path;
+    path = path.replace_extension("");
 
     SPDLOG_DEBUG("base path: {} target archive path: {} selected_dir_path: {}",
-                 base_path.u8string(), target_path.u8string(),
-                 selected_dir_path.u8string());
+                 base_path.u8string(), target_path.u8string(), path.u8string());
 
     bool if_error = false;
     process_operation(parent, _("Making Tarball"), [&](DataObjectPtr) -> int {
       try {
         GpgFrontend::ArchiveFileOperator::CreateArchive(base_path, target_path,
-                                                        0, {selected_dir_path});
+                                                        0, {path});
       } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
         if_error = true;
       }
@@ -159,9 +155,10 @@ bool process_directory_into_tarball(QWidget* parent, QString& path) {
 
 void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
   auto* file_tree_view = edit_->SlotCurPageFileTreeView();
-  auto path = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
+  auto path_qstr = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
 
-  if (!path_pre_check(this, path)) {
+  auto path = ConvertPathByOS(path_qstr);
+  if (!PathPreCheck(this, path)) {
     SPDLOG_ERROR("path pre check failed");
     return;
   }
@@ -175,7 +172,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
   // get file info
   QFileInfo const file_info(path);
   if (file_info.isDir()) {
-    path = path + (file_info.isDir() ? ".tar" : "");
+    path = path.replace_extension(".tar");
   }
 
   const auto* extension = ".asc";
@@ -183,16 +180,11 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
     extension = ".gpg";
   }
 
-  auto out_path = path + extension;
+  auto out_path = path.replace_extension(path.extension().string() + extension);
   if (QFile::exists(out_path)) {
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-    std::filesystem::path _out_path = out_path.toStdU16String();
-#else
-    std::filesystem::path _out_path = out_path.toStdString();
-#endif
     auto out_file_name = boost::format(_("The target file %1% already exists, "
                                          "do you need to overwrite it?")) %
-                         _out_path.filename();
+                         out_path.filename();
     auto ret =
         QMessageBox::warning(this, _("Warning"), out_file_name.str().c_str(),
                              QMessageBox::Ok | QMessageBox::Cancel);
@@ -202,7 +194,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
 
   if (file_info.isDir()) {
     // stop if the process making tarball failed
-    if (!process_directory_into_tarball(this, path)) {
+    if (!ProcessDirectoryIntoTarball(this, path)) {
       QMessageBox::critical(this, _("Error"),
                             _("Unable to convert the folder into tarball."));
       return;
@@ -221,8 +213,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
     CommonUtils::WaitForOpera(
         this, _("Symmetrically Encrypting"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
           GpgFileOpera::EncryptFileSymmetric(
-              path.toStdString(), out_path.toStdString(),
-              !non_ascii_when_export,
+              path, !non_ascii_when_export, out_path,
               [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
                 // stop waiting
                 op_hd();
@@ -241,8 +232,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
 
                 // remove xxx.tar and only left xxx.tar.gpg
                 if (file_info.isDir()) {
-                  auto selected_dir_path =
-                      std::filesystem::path(path.toStdString());
+                  auto selected_dir_path = path;
                   auto target_path =
                       selected_dir_path.replace_extension(".tar");
                   if (exists(target_path)) {
@@ -273,9 +263,8 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
   CommonUtils::WaitForOpera(
       this, _("Encrypting"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
         GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(
-            {p_keys->begin(), p_keys->end()}, path.toStdString(),
-            out_path.toStdString(), !non_ascii_when_export,
-            [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            {p_keys->begin(), p_keys->end()}, path, !non_ascii_when_export,
+            out_path, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               // stop waiting
               op_hd();
 
@@ -292,8 +281,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
 
               // remove xxx.tar and only left xxx.tar.gpg
               if (file_info.isDir()) {
-                auto selected_dir_path =
-                    std::filesystem::path(path.toStdString());
+                auto selected_dir_path = path;
                 auto target_path = selected_dir_path.replace_extension(".tar");
                 if (exists(target_path)) {
                   std::filesystem::remove(target_path);
@@ -305,16 +293,11 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncrypt() {
 
 void MainWindow::SlotFileDecrypt() {
   auto* file_tree_view = edit_->SlotCurPageFileTreeView();
-  auto path = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
-
-  if (!path_pre_check(this, path)) return;
-
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  std::filesystem::path out_path = path.toStdU16String();
-#else
-  std::filesystem::path out_path = path.toStdString();
-#endif
+  auto path_qstr = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
+  auto path = ConvertPathByOS(path_qstr);
+  if (!PathPreCheck(this, path)) return;
 
+  auto out_path = path;
   if (out_path.extension() == ".asc" || out_path.extension() == ".gpg") {
     out_path = out_path.parent_path() / out_path.stem();
   } else {
@@ -333,17 +316,16 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileDecrypt() {
   CommonUtils::WaitForOpera(
       this, _("Decrypting"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
         GpgFileOpera::DecryptFile(
-            path.toStdString(), out_path.u8string(),
-            [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            path, out_path, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               // stop waiting
               op_hd();
 
-              auto result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
-
               if (data_obj == nullptr || !data_obj->Check<GpgDecryptResult>()) {
                 throw std::runtime_error("data object doesn't pass checking");
               }
 
+              auto result = ExtractParams<GpgDecryptResult>(data_obj, 0);
+
               auto result_analyse = GpgDecryptResultAnalyse(err, result);
               result_analyse.Analyse();
 
@@ -379,9 +361,9 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileDecrypt() {
 
 void MainWindow::SlotFileSign() {
   auto* file_tree_view = edit_->SlotCurPageFileTreeView();
-  auto path = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
-
-  if (!path_pre_check(this, path)) return;
+  auto path_qstr = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
+  auto path = ConvertPathByOS(path_qstr);
+  if (!PathPreCheck(this, path)) return;
 
   auto key_ids = m_key_list_->GetChecked();
   auto keys = GpgKeyGetter::GetInstance().GetKeys(key_ids);
@@ -405,7 +387,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileSign() {
     }
   }
 
-  bool non_ascii_when_export =
+  bool const non_ascii_when_export =
       GlobalSettingStation::GetInstance().LookupSettings(
           "general.non_ascii_when_export", true);
 
@@ -414,13 +396,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileSign() {
     extension = ".sig";
   }
 
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  std::filesystem::path in_path = path.toStdU16String();
-#else
-  std::filesystem::path in_path = path.toStdString();
-#endif
-
-  auto sig_file_path = in_path;
+  auto sig_file_path = path;
   sig_file_path += extension;
   if (exists(sig_file_path)) {
     auto ret = QMessageBox::warning(
@@ -436,9 +412,8 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileSign() {
   CommonUtils::WaitForOpera(
       this, _("Signing"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
         GpgFileOpera::EncryptFile(
-            {keys->begin(), keys->end()}, in_path.u8string(),
-            sig_file_path.u8string(), !non_ascii_when_export,
-            [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            {keys->begin(), keys->end()}, path, !non_ascii_when_export,
+            sig_file_path, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               // stop waiting
               op_hd();
 
@@ -533,9 +508,9 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileVerify() {
 
 void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
   auto* file_tree_view = edit_->SlotCurPageFileTreeView();
-  auto path = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
-
-  if (!path_pre_check(this, path)) return;
+  auto path_qstr = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
+  auto path = ConvertPathByOS(path_qstr);
+  if (!PathPreCheck(this, path)) return;
 
   // check selected keys
   auto key_ids = m_key_list_->GetChecked();
@@ -550,7 +525,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
 
   // check key abilities
   for (const auto& key : *p_keys) {
-    bool key_can_encrypt = key.IsHasActualEncryptionCapability();
+    bool const key_can_encrypt = key.IsHasActualEncryptionCapability();
 
     if (!key_can_encrypt) {
       QMessageBox::critical(
@@ -568,9 +543,8 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
 
   // get file info
   QFileInfo const file_info(path);
-
   if (file_info.isDir()) {
-    path = path + (file_info.isDir() ? ".tar" : "");
+    path = path.replace_extension(".tar");
   }
 
   const auto* extension = ".asc";
@@ -578,8 +552,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
     extension = ".gpg";
   }
 
-  auto out_path = path + extension;
-
+  auto out_path = path.replace_extension(path.extension().string() + extension);
   if (QFile::exists(out_path)) {
     auto ret = QMessageBox::warning(
         this, _("Warning"),
@@ -603,7 +576,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
   // convert directory into tarball
   if (file_info.isDir()) {
     // stop if the process making tarball failed
-    if (!process_directory_into_tarball(this, path)) {
+    if (!ProcessDirectoryIntoTarball(this, path)) {
       QMessageBox::critical(this, _("Error"),
                             _("Unable to convert the folder into tarball."));
       return;
@@ -614,8 +587,8 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
       this, _("Encrypting and Signing"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
         GpgFileOpera::EncryptSignFile(
             {p_keys->begin(), p_keys->end()},
-            {p_signer_keys->begin(), p_signer_keys->end()}, path.toStdString(),
-            out_path.toStdString(), !non_ascii_when_export,
+            {p_signer_keys->begin(), p_signer_keys->end()}, path,
+            !non_ascii_when_export, out_path,
             [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               // stop waiting
               op_hd();
@@ -642,8 +615,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
 
               // remove xxx.tar and only left xxx.tar.gpg
               if (file_info.isDir()) {
-                auto selected_dir_path =
-                    std::filesystem::path(path.toStdString());
+                auto selected_dir_path = path;
                 auto target_path = selected_dir_path.replace_extension(".tar");
                 if (exists(target_path)) {
                   std::filesystem::remove(target_path);
@@ -655,19 +627,13 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileEncryptSign() {
 
 void MainWindow::SlotFileDecryptVerify() {
   auto* file_tree_view = edit_->SlotCurPageFileTreeView();
-  auto path = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
-
-  if (!path_pre_check(this, path)) return;
-
-#ifdef WINDOWS
-  std::filesystem::path in_path = path.toStdU16String();
-#else
-  std::filesystem::path in_path = path.toStdString();
-#endif
+  auto path_qstr = file_tree_view->GetSelected();
+  auto path = ConvertPathByOS(path_qstr);
+  if (!PathPreCheck(this, path)) return;
 
-  std::filesystem::path out_path = in_path;
-  if (in_path.extension() == ".asc" || in_path.extension() == ".gpg") {
-    out_path = in_path.parent_path() / out_path.stem();
+  std::filesystem::path out_path = path;
+  if (path.extension() == ".asc" || path.extension() == ".gpg") {
+    out_path = path.parent_path() / out_path.stem();
   } else {
     out_path += ".out";
   }
@@ -687,8 +653,7 @@ void MainWindow::SlotFileDecryptVerify() {
   CommonUtils::WaitForOpera(
       this, _("Decrypting and Verifying"), [=](const OperaWaitingHd& op_hd) {
         GpgFileOpera::DecryptVerifyFile(
-            path.toStdString(), out_path.u8string(),
-            [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
+            path, out_path, [=](GpgError err, const DataObjectPtr& data_obj) {
               // stop waiting
               op_hd();